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    What is Low Insertion Loss in High Frequency PCB?      
   

1. Understanding Low Insertion Loss

 
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Low insertion loss refers to the minimized reduction in signal power as the signal travels through the PCB's transmission lines, which is critical for maintaining signal integrity in high-frequency applications. Signal power loss primarily arises from several factors: resistance in copper traces, which converts electrical energy into heat, causing power loss; dielectric absorption, where the dielectric materials absorb energy and weaken the signal; and impedance mismatches at connection points, which lead to signal reflections and further reduce power.

 

   
         
    2. Importance of Low Insertion Loss    
   

2.1 Maintaining Signal Integrity:

In high-frequency systems (such as 5G and radar), low insertion loss is crucial for ensuring that signal strength remains sufficient for accurate data decoding. Even a slight increase in insertion loss can lead to significant transmission errors.

 

2.2 Long-Distance Transmission:

Low insertion loss allows high-frequency signals to travel longer distances on the circuit board without excessive weakening, which is beneficial for complex PCB designs that require flexible layouts.

   
         
   

3. Achieving Low Insertion Loss

   
   

3.1Material Selection:

Using high-quality dielectric materials with low loss tangent values can significantly reduce energy absorption, thereby lowering insertion loss. Advanced fluoropolymer-based dielectrics are often favored for their excellent low-loss properties.

 

3.2Optimized Trace Design:

Proper impedance control, minimizing bends and stubs, and using appropriate trace widths and spacings can reduce resistance and inductance-related losses. Additionally, employing surface-mount technology (SMT) components with low-impedance connections further contributes to lower insertion loss.

 

   
         
    4. Strengths of F4BM217 's Low Insertion Loss    
   

4.1 Dielectric Constant

Characteristics: The typical value is 2.17 at 10GHz, with a tolerance of ±0.04.

Advantages: The low dielectric constant reduces signal loss. The small tolerance ensures consistent performance, reducing the problem of inconsistent insertion loss during production.

 

4.2 Loss Tangent

Characteristics: The typical value is 0.001 at 10GHz and 0.0014 at 20GHz.

Advantages: The low loss tangent minimizes energy loss during signal transmission, reduces signal attenuation, and decreases insertion loss. This is especially advantageous in high - frequency scenarios.

 

4.3 Thermal Performance

Characteristics: The temperature coefficient of the dielectric constant is -150 PPM/°C in the range of -55°C to 150°C.

Advantages: The stable temperature coefficient of the dielectric constant ensures the stability of the dielectric constant during temperature changes, indirectly maintaining the low - insertion - loss performance.

 

4.4 Electrical Performance

Characteristics: The volume resistivity is ≥6×10⁶ MΩ·cm and the surface resistivity is ≥1×10⁶ MΩ under standard conditions; the electrical strength in the Z - direction is >23 KV/mm and the breakdown voltage in the XY - direction is >30 KV (at 5kW, 500V/s).

Advantages: High resistivity reduces leakage current, avoiding additional signal energy loss. High electrical strength ensures the reliability of the PCB, safeguarding signal integrity and indirectly contributing to low insertion loss.

 

4.5 Peel Strength

Characteristics: The peel strength of 1 OZ F4BM217 is >1.8 N/mm.

Advantages: High peel strength ensures a firm connection between the copper foil and the substrate, maintaining stable signal transmission and reducing fluctuations in insertion loss.

 

   
         
   

4-1. F4BM Series PCB

   
       
         
    5. Concluding Remarks    
   

Low insertion loss ensures that high-frequency PCBs remain at the forefront of technology, enabling robust and efficient signal delivery for tomorrow's wireless world.

   
         
   

Founded in 2003, Shenzhen Bicheng Electronics Technology Co., Ltd is an established high frequency PCB supplier and exporter in Shenzhen, China, serving customers worldwide.

 

We are devoted to delivering high-frequency PCB products and solutions of the highest quality, along with customized service. Feel free to consult and contant at any time !

 

Visit https://www.bicheng-enterprise.com to learn more.

Unlock its full potential by contacting Vicky at v.xie@bichengpcb.com.

   
         
         
         
       
       
           
   
 
                                     
       
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